5-Phase Renaturation Timeline

Each phase builds on the previous, with measurable milestones and adaptive management throughout.

Phase 1: Foundation

Water & Windbreaks (Year 0–1)

Objectives: Stabilize site, capture rainfall, reduce evaporation

  • Windbreak planting (native shrubs + scattered Mediterranean trees)
  • Rainwater harvesting infrastructure (dams, swales, infiltration basins)
  • Baseline soil testing (organic matter, structure, biology)
  • Ruin assessment and planning for sustainable building
Phase 2: Soil Recovery

Soil Building (Year 1–2)

Objectives: Increase organic matter, restore microbiology, prepare beds for perennials

  • Compost and biochar application targeting >4% organic matter
  • Mulching with straw, wood chip, leaf litter to stabilize soil
  • Cover cropping (legumes, nitrogen-fixers) and green manure
  • Monitoring: soil fauna surveys, microbial activity testing
Phase 3: Perennial Establishment

Perennial Food Plants (Year 2–3)

Objectives: Introduce long-lived productive species adapted to local climate

  • Almond, carob, fig, olive trees planted using Mediterranean calendar
  • Perennial shrubs (arbutus, rock rose, oregano for food & medicine)
  • Nitrogen-fixing legume trees (acacia, mimosa) for biomass + nutrients
  • Polyculture blocks designed to withstand drought and frost
Phase 4: Guild Formation

Food Forest Guilds (Year 3–5)

Objectives: Layer perennials, ground covers, and fungi into integrated systems

  • Multi-storey guilds: canopy trees + shrubs + herbaceous + root layers
  • Mycorrhizal networks established through fungal inoculants and dead wood
  • Pollinator and predator habitat integrated throughout (nesting, water, shelter)
  • Production monitoring: yields, water efficiency, species richness
Phase 5: Ecosystem Integration

Education Centre (Year 5+)

Objectives: Mature site becomes working demonstration, research base, and learning space

  • Open data infrastructure (sensors, monitoring, public reporting)
  • Partnerships with researchers, NGOs, and farmer networks
  • Field schools and training programs demonstrating soil-to-seed cycles
  • Carbon accounting and ecosystem services valuation

Key Performance Indicators

Measurable outcomes that define success. All data published openly on our Data Hub.

>4%
Soil Organic Matter Target
From baseline <1% to regional soil carbon sequestration goal
60%
Rainfall Retention
Capture & infiltrate 60% of incident precipitation year-round
+20%
Species Richness Increase
Native plants, pollinators, and soil fauna vs. baseline grassland
2.325 ha
Under Restoration
Total property area managed for renaturation and education

Mediterranean Planting Calendar

When to plant what in the Algarve. Coordinated with local rainfall, temperature, and soil conditions.

Month Soil Temp Rainfall Plant Species (Trees) Plant Species (Shrubs/Herbaceous) Maintenance Focus
January 10–12°C High Almond, olive, carob Lavender, rosemary, sage Dormant season; pruning, composting
February 10–11°C High Fig, pomegranate, cherry Oregano, thyme, rockrose Mulch refresh; grafting + cuttings
March 12–14°C Medium Citrus (late), stone fruits Herbaceous perennials; cover crop Spring growth begins; weed control
April 15–17°C Medium Last trees for spring planting Remaining herbaceous; nitrogen fixers Irrigation established; pollinator habitat
May 19–22°C Low Drought watch begins; mulch management
June–August 25–29°C Very Low Irrigation critical; fire prevention; rest period
September 25°C Low First autumn plantings possible Harvest season begins; soil aeration
October 20–22°C Medium Trees can resume (cooler soil) Autumn herbaceous, cover crops Autumn rains promote growth; fungal monitoring
November 15–18°C High Prime planting season opens Perennials; nitrogen-fixers; legumes Major planting push; mulch applied
December 11–13°C High Peak planting (through January) Final autumn/winter additions Mulch protection; frost watch

◆ Why This Calendar Matters

  • Avoid spring/summer planting: Mediterranean heat and low rainfall (May–August) stress newly planted material
  • Exploit autumn/winter rains: Soil moisture in November–February allows root establishment before drought
  • Soil temperature drives success: Roots don't grow below 10°C; planting when soil cools in autumn ensures better establishment than spring
  • Frost risk is low: Algarve frost typically limited to January–February; extreme cold (<–5°C) rare, allowing year-round planning

Permaculture Design Principles

Wild Roots applies core permaculture ethics and design principles to ensure resilience, productivity, and ecosystem health.

🌍

Earth Care

Build soil health, retain water, regenerate habitat. Every intervention improves long-term site fertility and resilience to climate stress.

🤝

People Care

Create jobs, share knowledge, enable food security. Design systems that serve communities, not just extract resources.

🌱

Fair Share

Share knowledge openly. Publish all data, methods, and learning. Enable replication by other farms and regions.

💧

Work with Nature

Use natural processes (soil biology, water cycles, ecological succession) instead of fighting them with inputs and energy.

📊

Observe & Interact

Monitor continuously. Adapt management based on data—satellite imagery, soil tests, species surveys, water balance.

🔄

Design from Patterns to Details

Start with landscape-scale water and wind patterns, then design guild structures, species selection, and maintenance protocols.

🏆

Catch & Store Energy

Capture rainfall during wet season for dry-season use. Build thermal mass in buildings. Maximize solar exposure.

♻️

Produce No Waste

All-on-site recycling: composting, mulching, greywater, deadwood → fungal habitat. Zero external inputs where possible.

Science-Based Approach

◆ Evidence for Renaturation Strategy

  • Soil carbon sequestration: Mediterranean soils can recover to 3–5% organic matter in 5–10 years with compost + cover crops (FAO, IAEA studies)
  • Rainfall harvesting: Swale + mulch systems can retain 50–70% of incident rainfall in semi-arid climates (Kaumbutho & Chikoye, Soil & Tillage Research)
  • Polyculture resilience: Multi-species agroforestry shows higher yields, lower pest pressure, and greater climate stability than monoculture (Nair et al., Advances in Agronomy)
  • Permaculture food forests: Guilds establish positive feedback loops: improved soil → better water retention → more productive plants → more organic matter → cycle repeats
  • Local species matter: Native Mediterranean taxa (almond, carob, olive, fig) are drought-hardy, long-lived, and support endemic fauna

Research Partnerships

Wild Roots collaborates with University of Algarve, ICNF, and European research networks to validate outcomes and contribute to peer-reviewed literature on Mediterranean renaturation.

Explore Partnership Opportunities →

Live Monitoring

Every phase outcome is tracked, documented, and published in real time on our Data Hub. Soil organic matter, water balance, species richness, and carbon stocks are updated seasonally.

View Live Data →

Stay Updated on Renaturation Progress

Receive quarterly summaries of soil health, water balance, and species monitoring.